Korean grammar - Verb nominalization: past tense |
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Korean verbs can be nominalized to nouns in the past tense. Simply take the past base and add 기 -- for example: 하다 (to do) ⇒ 했기 The past tense normalised verb can then be used in patterns like Verb + 기 때문에 as a clause in the past tense. Other uses of past tense verb nominalization will be encountered in later topics. |
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저는 시험을 못 봤기 때문에 대학교에 못 갈 거예요.
Because I did badly on the test, (I) won’t be able to go to university.
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핸드폰이 없었기 때문에 연락하지 못했어요.
Because (I) didn’t have my mobile phone, I couldn’t get in contact.
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아직 점심을 먹지 않았기 때문에 지금 배가 고파요.
Because (I) didn't eat yet, (I) am hungry.
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제가 밥을 벌써 먹었기 때문에 지금 먹고 싶지 않아요.
Because I already ate, (I) don’t want to eat now.
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손님이 없었기 때문에 가게 문을 닫았어요.
The store (door) was closed because there were no customers.
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금을 많이 샀기 때문에 돈이 없어요.
(I) don't have money because (I) bought a lot of gold.
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핸드폰이 없었기 때문에 연락 못했어요.
Because (I) didn’t have (my) phone, (I) couldn’t contact (you).
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휴대폰 배터리가 방전됐기 때문에 전화를 걸 수 없었어요.
(I) couldn't call because (my) phone's battery became flat.
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학생이었기 때문에 할인을 받았어요.
(I) got a discount because (I) was a student.
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오늘 아침은 날씨가 좋았기 때문에 걸어서 출근했어요.
(I) walked to walk this morning because the weather was nice.
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스페인에 갔기 때문에 스페인어를 배우기 시작했어요.
(I) started learning Spanish because (I) went to Spain.
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너무 비쌌기 때문에 새 노트북을 살 수가 없었어요.
(I) couldn't afford to buy a new laptop because (it) was too expensive.
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허리가 아팠기 때문에 걷고 싶지 않았어요.
(I) didn't want to walk because (my) back hurt.
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너무 멀었기 때문에 일찍 떠나야 했어요.
(We) had to leave early because (it) was too far away.
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